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Author: Felix Sommermann
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Direct Democracy: Six Forms and How They Work in Practice
Direct democracy is a form of government in which citizens decide laws and policy questions themselves instead of leaving every decision to elected representatives.…
Ideas · 6 min
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Stare Decisis: How Courts Follow Precedent
Stare decisis is the legal principle that courts follow their previous decisions when the same legal question comes up again. Lower courts are bound…
Law · 6 min
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Soft Power Compared: How Attraction Differs from Hard and Smart Power
Soft power is the ability of a country or another actor to get what it wants by attracting others rather than by coercing or…
Foreign Policy · 4 min
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Balance of Power in International Relations: A Plain Guide
The balance of power is the idea that states stay secure when power in the international system is spread out, so that no single…
Foreign Policy · 6 min
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Scoop Jackson Democrat: Joseph Lieberman’s 1990 Interview Explained
In a 1990 Policy Review interview, Senator Joseph Lieberman argued that Democrats should return to the tradition of Roosevelt, Truman and Kennedy: economic growth…
Essay guide · 5 min
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Al Qaeda’s Fantasy Ideology: Lee Harris on 9/11 as Theater
Lee Harris argued in 2002 that the 9/11 attacks were not Clausewitzian war aimed at a political concession but a symbolic drama staged for…
Essay guide · 6 min
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Norman’s Conquest: Mark Gerson on the Norman Podhoretz Legacy
Writing in Policy Review in fall 1995, Mark Gerson argued that Norman Podhoretz, editor of Commentary from 1960 to 1995, won the battle of…
Essay guide · 6 min
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China’s Quest for Asia: Five Claims About Southeast Asia, Checked Against What Happened
Dana Dillon and John J. Tkacik Jr. argued in 2005 that China had already become the dominant power in Southeast Asia, using trade deals,…
Essay guide · 6 min
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Power and Weakness: Robert Kagan’s Mars and Venus Essay Explained
Robert Kagan argued in 2002 that Americans and Europeans see the world differently because of a gap in power: the strong are more willing…
Essay guide · 6 min
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What Is Public Policy? A Plain-English Guide
Public policy is what a government decides to do, or decides not to do, about a public problem. It takes the form of laws,…
Policy Analysis · 5 min